Percentage Calculator
Increase · Decrease · Ratio · Rate of Change
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%
X × Y ÷ 100 = Result
X ÷ Y × 100 = Result(%)
%
X × (1 + Y÷100) = Result
(Y - X) ÷ X × 100 = Rate of Change(%)
Result
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Select a type and enter values
FAQ
How do I calculate a percentage?
Basic formula: Y% of X = X × Y ÷ 100. For example, 15% of 50,000 = 50,000 × 15 ÷ 100 = 7,500.
What is the difference between percentage increase and decrease?
Y% increase = X × (1 + Y/100); Y% decrease = X × (1 - Y/100). A 50% increase followed by a 50% decrease returns only 75% of the original value — not 100%.
How do I calculate the rate of change?
Rate of change (%) = (New Value − Original Value) ÷ Original Value × 100. A positive result means an increase; a negative result means a decrease.
Are discount rate and margin rate the same?
No. Discount rate is the discount amount relative to the original price, while margin rate is the profit relative to the selling price. For example, selling a 10,000-unit item for 8,000 gives a 20% discount rate but a 25% margin rate.
What is the difference between percentage points (%p) and percent (%)?
Percentage points measure an absolute difference, while percent measures a relative ratio. If an interest rate rises from 2% to 3%, that is a 1%p increase but a 50% relative increase.
How does compound interest relate to percentages?
Compound interest applies a percentage repeatedly. For example, 10% annual compound interest over 3 years gives 1.1³ = 1.331, a 33.1% increase — more than simple interest (30%).
How are percentages used in tax calculations?
A 10% VAT adds 10% to the base price. To find the pre-tax price from a tax-inclusive price, divide by 1.1. For example, 11,000 ÷ 1.1 = 10,000 (pre-tax) with 1,000 as VAT.